Landscape associates people and place. Danish landskab, German landshaft, Dutch landschap, and Old English landscipe combine two roots. “Land” means both a place and the people living there. Skabe and schaffen mean “to shape”; suffixes -skab and -schaft as in the English “-ship,” also mean association, partnership. Though no longer used in ordinary speech, the Dutch schappen conveys a magisterial sense of shaping, as in the biblical Creation.
Anne Whiston Spirn, The Language of Landscape (1998)
Carlo Scarpa Price for Gardens, The Tea Gardens of Dazhangshan (2019)
landscape theory 